Abstract
Direct coal liquefaction residue (DCLR) is, commonly, designed to be used as a feed stock for gasification or combustion. Use of DCLR as a value added product is very important for improving overall economy of direct coal liquefaction processes. This study shows that the DCLR may be used as a pavement asphalt modifier. The modification ability is similar to that of Trinidad Lake Asphalt (TLA), a superior commercial modifier. Asphalts modified by two DCLRs meet the specifications of ASTM D5710 and BSI BS-3690 designated for the TLA-modified asphalts. The required addition amount for the DCLRs tested is less than that for TLA due possibly to the high content of asphaltene in DCLRs. Different compatibility was observed for the asphalts with the same penetration grade but from the different origin. Different components in the DCLR play different roles in the modification. Positive synergetic effects among the fractions were observed, which may due to the formation of the stable colloid structure. Unlike polymer-type modifier, the structure of asphalt-type modifier has a similarity with petroleum asphalts which favors the formation of a stable dispersed polar fluid (DPF) colloid structure and improves the performance of pavement asphalt."
So, residue left behind by a direct coal liquefaction process very similar to, or exactly the same as, WVU's West Virginia coal conversion Process is a superior additive for asphalt used in road paving. Now, in a state, like West Virginia, where the State Seal was once believed to incorporate the image of road worker, in silhouette, leaning into his shovel at the edge of a pothole, wouldn't a by-product of converting their most abundant resource into desperately-needed liquid fuels that would reduce the need for placing such road repair signs be a "good thing"?